Endometriosis is primarily known as a condition affecting the uterus, but its impact extends far beyond reproductive health. This chronic inflammatory disease has been linked to complications in various organs, including the lungs, digestive system, and even the eyes. Research has previously highlighted thoracic endometriosis syndrome, where endometrial tissue is found in and around the lungs, causing symptoms like cyclical chest pain and shortness of breath.
Now, emerging evidence suggests that endometriosis may also play a role in eye health, particularly in increasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Given that AMD is one of the leading causes of vision impairment, understanding the connection between endometriosis and eye disease is crucial for early intervention and long-term management.
The Link Between Endometriosis and Macular Degeneration
A 2025 study published in Maturitas found a higher incidence of AMD in individuals diagnosed with endometriosis compared to those without the condition. Even after adjusting for variables such as age and preexisting conditions, endometriosis remained a significant risk factor for AMD.
The underlying mechanism behind this connection appears to be chronic inflammation. Research suggests that inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor—all of which contribute to the progression of endometriosis—are also involved in AMD. Inflammation in the retina leads to cellular damage, abnormal blood vessel growth, and the accumulation of debris, which in turn contribute to the deterioration of central vision.
Additionally, hormonal factors may play a role. Higher levels of estrogen, which influence the growth of endometrial tissue, have been linked to a greater susceptibility to AMD in women. Given that both conditions disproportionately affect women and involve systemic inflammation, those with endometriosis should be especially proactive about their eye health.
Managing Eye Health with Endometriosis: Prevention and Treatment Strategies
1. Schedule Regular Eye Exams
Early detection is key in slowing the progression of AMD. Individuals with endometriosis should prioritize comprehensive eye exams at least every one to two years. Eye specialists may use diagnostic tools such as fluorescein angiography, a procedure that highlights irregularities in retinal blood vessels, to identify early-stage AMD.
Since AMD symptoms—such as blurred vision, difficulty reading, and central blind spots—can impact daily life, timely intervention is essential. Vision correction, whether through glasses or contact lenses, can help maintain clear sight and reduce eye strain.
2. Consider Vision Correction Options
For those experiencing AMD-related vision changes, contact lenses can provide better visual acuity compared to glasses, especially for individuals leading active lifestyles. Lenses with UV protection can be particularly beneficial, as excessive sunlight exposure has been linked to the accelerated progression of AMD.
Retailers like ContactsDirect offer a convenient way to order prescription lenses online, with a variety of brands and wear types to suit different vision needs. They also provide in-store pickup options and accept vision insurance, making it easier to access high-quality corrective lenses without unnecessary hassle.
3. Follow an Anti-Inflammatory Diet
Given that inflammation is a shared driver of both endometriosis and AMD, adopting an anti-inflammatory diet may help reduce the severity of both conditions. Nutrient-rich foods that support eye and hormonal health include:
Leafy greens (spinach, kale, broccoli) for iron and antioxidants
Omega-3-rich foods (salmon, sardines, chia seeds) for retinal protection
Whole grains, fruits, and vegetables to regulate inflammatory responses
Conversely, limiting processed foods, red meat, alcohol, and caffeine can help manage inflammation levels and prevent symptom flare-ups.
Holistic Care for Endometriosis and Eye Health
Managing a chronic condition like endometriosis requires a comprehensive, whole-body approach. By prioritizing regular eye screenings, making dietary adjustments, and choosing vision correction solutions tailored to individual needs, individuals with endometriosis can take proactive steps to safeguard their long-term eye health.
For those seeking specialized support, digital health platforms designed for personalized endometriosis care can provide valuable insights into managing the condition holistically. From symptom tracking to exploring treatment options, these resources empower individuals to make informed decisions about their reproductive and overall health.
Final Thoughts
The link between endometriosis and macular degeneration is a developing area of research, underscoring the importance of a systemic approach to care. While endometriosis is often associated with reproductive health, its effects on vision, neurological function, and other organ systems demonstrate the need for broader awareness and proactive management.
By integrating preventive eye care, lifestyle modifications, and expert guidance, individuals with endometriosis can work toward preserving both their reproductive and visual health.
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